Surgical, and medical apparatus and instruments, namely, medical tubing for blood perfusion, trolleys for medical equipment and pumps for medical use; blood pumps for medical use; pumps for cardiac support; apparatus and instruments and their components for circulatory support; apparatus and instruments and their components for blood oxygenation; apparatus and instruments and their components for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); apparatus and instruments and their components for artificial respiration; apparatus and instruments and their components for transplanting grafts, artificial tissue and artificial blood vessels; catheters; cannulae; grafts, artificial tissue and artificial blood vessels; filters for medical use; tubes for medical use; containers and bags for collecting and storing blood, blood plasma and saline solution; cannulae introduction aids; flow sensors for medical use; pressure sensors for medical use; viscosity sensors for medical use; medical apparatus and instruments, in particular sensors for the determination of blood oxygen saturation.