Digital communications adaptors, data and video modems for a satellite, cable, wireless and fibre applications; satellite systems, including transmitters, encoders, receivers and decoders for the satellite distribution and reception of encrypted video, audio and data programming; cable television and multi-point microwave distribution equipment, including transmitters, signal scramblers, modulators, addressable controllers, receivers, signal processors, signal combiners/amplifiers, converters, converter controls, satellite receivers and remote control units therefor; pay-per-view order recorders; descramblers; telecommunications apparatuses which support the transport of voice, video and data services using electro-optical transport, digital transmission and digital modulation technologies, digital television equipment including digital terminals and apparatuses which support the transport of voice, video and data services