Portable communications apparatus namely walkie-talkies; MPEG audio layer-3 (MP3) players; television receivers; television remote controllers; encoded electronic chip cards for improvement of television image quality; universal serial bus (USB) drives; digital media broadcasting (DMB) players; headsets for mobile phones; portable chargers for mobile phone batteries and digital camera batteries; electronic photo albums; digital picture frames for displaying digital pictures, video clips and music; monitors for computer; digital versatile disc (DVD) players; portable hard disk drives; stereos; digital versatile disc (DVD) players for home theaters; speakers for home theaters; audio-video (AV) receivers for home theaters; projectors for home theaters; integrated circuits; audio receivers; on board units on vehicle and electronic toll smart cards for easy pass in highway; transponders, namely, electronic terminals equipped in vehicles for electronic commercial transactions; closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras; network monitoring cameras namely for surveillance; digital signage; thermal printers; digital colour printers; laser printers; ink jet printers; colour printers for use with computers; solar batteries; personal computer (PC) cameras; digital voice recorders; videocassette recorders; settop boxes; video conference system; monitors for video conference; cameras for video conference; speakers for video conference; three dimensional eyeglasses for television receivers; DNA chips; dosage dispensers; capillary tubes; oxygen transvasing apparatus; incubators for bacteria culture; test tubes; food analysis apparatus; physical and chemical laboratory apparatus and instruments; apparatus and instruments for physics; apparatus for automatic chromatography; magnetic agitators; pipettes; chemistry apparatus and instruments; biochips; cell chips; testing apparatus for cell chips; analysis apparatus for cell chips; diagnostic chips for pharmaceutical purposes; diagnostic chips for medical purposes; none of the foregoing being software applications