Apparatus for controlling the input of data; apparatus for controlling the output of data; apparatus for controlling the processing of data; apparatus for controlling the storage of data; apparatus for data collection; apparatus for data entry; apparatus for data storage; apparatus for input of data; apparatus for processing data; apparatus for programming data; apparatus for reading data; apparatus for retrieving data; apparatus for sending data; apparatus for the acquisition of data; apparatus for the communication of data; apparatus for the storage of data; apparatus for the storage of textual data; apparatus for the transmission of data; apparatus for use in data logging; carriers for bearing data; computer data in recorded form; computer data input apparatus; computer data input devices; computer data recording instruments; computer data storage apparatus; computer databases; computer programs for processing data; computer programs for scientific data analysis; computer programs for use in database management; computer programs recorded on data carriers; computer programs stored on data carriers; data acquisition apparatus; data capture apparatus; data carriers containing computer programs; data collection apparatus; data communications apparatus; data display apparatus; data entry apparatus; data handling apparatus; data storage devices for recording data; mobile data apparatus; programming instructions for data processing apparatus (recorded); programs for processing data on computers