Pharmaceutical preparations for activating cellular function; pharmaceutical preparations for the prevention and treatment of diseases, disorders, or conditions of the nervous system; pharmaceutical preparations for treating sensory organ disorders; pharmaceutical preparations for treating nervous system injury or impairment; pharmaceutical preparations for use in the prevention and treatment of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases; drugs for medical purposes, namely, drugs for the prevention and treatment of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases; reagents for medical use; amino acid preparations for medical purposes.