Milking equipment and milking components thereof comprising teat cups, teat cup assemblies, teat cup washers, teat cup stoppers, milking units, pulsator and pulsation controllers, receiver jars, pipeline milk valves; vacuum systems for milking cows comprising vacuum pumps, variable frequency drives, balance tank and vacuum regulators, vacuum sensors, and parts and fittings therefor; milk transfer systems for interim heat removal from milk and transfer of milk within a milking system comprising stainless steel tubing, receivers for milk, milk pumps and variable frequency drives, plate coolers, milking units, drain valves and vacuum trap safety valves; clean-in-place (CIP) and sanitation systems comprising rubber jetters and jetter storage holders that connect to milking units, sinks for dispensing water, water diverter valves, washer controls for dispensing chemicals and chemical preparations, and air injectors, all of the foregoing used for cleaning of milking units, milk transfer systems, and milk storage tanks; robotic milking systems comprising milking stalls, detachers, milk meters, computer hardware and software that controls the operations of milking robots to automatically attach milking units to cows, dispense feed to cows, monitor cows during milking, and exit cows when milking is completed

Electrical testing meters; information management systems comprising computer hardware and software that manages and controls cow milking machinery, controls automatic feeders for cows, and controls the sorting and weighing of cows; electronic apparatus that tests stability of vacuum in milking units and pipelines; electronic cooler washer controllers that control sanitizing of milk tanks and temperature of milk; milking unit detachers and milk meters comprising electronically operated devices that sense milk flow, measure milk volume and remove milking units from cows; external measuring stick comprising a glass tube on the outside of a tank that measures the level of milk in the tank; robotic milking systems comprising computer hardware and software that controls operations of a milking robot to automatically attach milking units to cows, dispense feed to cows, monitor cows during milking, and exit cows when milking is completed, milking stalls, detachers, milk meters; electronic monitors that measure and telemeter physiological parameters of animals; electronic monitors that determine and report the lameness status of animals; automatic cow traffic system for animal identification and monitoring comprising radio frequency controls, antennas, transponders, and hardware and software for herd management; vacuum-monitoring gages; automated gates that keep minimum spaces between cows and push cows toward a milking stall

Refrigeration systems comprising compressors, condensers, milk storage tanks, wash controls, all for storing and cooling milk and cleaning the tank; refrigerated pre-cooling systems for milk comprising plate coolers; refrigerated milk chillers comprising metal cabinets and plates; heat recovery systems comprising steel water tanks and heat transfer plates for use with compressor condenser units that circulate refrigerant through a system that converts heat from milk into heat for water